Fisioterapia pélvica pós-parto e seus efeitos na continência e funcionalidade: Uma revisão narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i7.1236Palavras-chave:
Incontinência Urinária; Período Pós-Parto; Diafragma da Pelve; Modalidades de Fisioterapia.Resumo
Introdução: A perda involuntária de urina é uma das repercussões mais frequentes do pós-parto e compromete atividades cotidianas, participação social e bem-estar emocional. Objetivo: Analisar criticamente as evidências sobre os efeitos das intervenções fisioterapêuticas do assoalho pélvico na continência, na função muscular e na qualidade de vida de mulheres com incontinência urinária no pós-parto. Métodos: Revisão narrativa da literatura com busca estruturada, descritiva, crítica e qualitativa. Buscas executadas até 15 de julho de 2026 em cinco fontes, com rastreamento de referências e busca de citações. Priorizaram-se publicações dos cinco anos anteriores, em português, inglês e espanhol. As fontes foram classificadas em diretamente aplicáveis e contexto extrapolado, e as evidências de prevenção foram mantidas distintas das de tratamento. Resultados: Analisaram-se 49 publicações: 33 diretamente aplicáveis e 16 de contexto extrapolado. Predominaram ensaios clínicos randomizados e revisões sistemáticas com metanálise. O treinamento supervisionado associou-se consistentemente a ganho de força e de resistência muscular. Sobre a continência, as evidências de tratamento de mulheres já incontinentes e as de prevenção divergiram, e o efeito terapêutico foi favorável, porém de magnitude incerta. Na qualidade de vida houve melhora nos dois braços, sem diferença intergrupos consistente. Recursos adjuvantes e ferramentas digitais foram avaliados sobre adesão, sintomas e qualidade de vida, com efeito mais consistente na adesão. Conclusão: Os achados convergem quanto ao efeito da fisioterapia pélvica supervisionada sobre a função muscular do assoalho pélvico e sugerem benefício, de magnitude incerta, sobre a continência e a qualidade de vida.
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