Fisioterapia no trauma grave da terapia intensiva ao retorno às atividades: Revisão narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i7.1251Palabras clave:
Traumatismo Múltiplo; Reabilitação; Deambulação Precoce; Retorno ao Trabalho; Recuperação de Função Fisiológica.Resumen
Introdução: o aumento da sobrevida após trauma grave deslocou o problema clínico da mortalidade imediata para a recuperação funcional prolongada, na qual a fisioterapia atua da terapia intensiva à retomada das atividades. Objetivo: descreveu-se o que a literatura recente indica sobre a contribuição da fisioterapia na trajetória assistencial de adultos com trauma físico grave, da fase crítica ao retorno às atividades. Métodos: revisão narrativa da literatura com busca estruturada, descritiva e qualitativa. As buscas foram realizadas em julho e agosto de 2026 no PubMed, na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e na Scientific Electronic Library Online, com descritores controlados e termos livres relativos à população traumatizada, ao ambiente de terapia intensiva, às intervenções de reabilitação e aos desfechos funcionais e ocupacionais, combinados por operadores booleanos. Priorizaram-se publicações dos cinco anos anteriores. A seleção ocorreu em duas etapas, por leitura de títulos e resumos e, em seguida, dos textos completos. Resultados: reuniram-se 67 fontes publicadas entre 2021 e 2026, organizadas em seis eixos: perda de massa e de função na fase crítica; mobilização precoce e seus limites; cuidado respiratório; traumatismo cranioencefálico e lesão medular; retomada da carga após fraturas; e continuidade do cuidado após a alta. Conclusão: a literatura sustenta programas de mobilização protocolados e progressivos e indica que os desfechos de longo prazo são influenciados também pela continuidade assistencial e por fatores psicológicos e ocupacionais relacionados à reintegração.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Rafael Viana dos Santos Coutinho, Caroline Pretto Sauter, Paulo Eduardo Blumer Paradeda, Mateus de Paula Fonseca Damacena, Eduardo Batista de Morais (Autor)
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