Fisioterapia na neuropatia hansênica e seus desfechos funcionais: Revisão narrativa

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i10.1362

Palavras-chave:

Hanseníase; Modalidades de Fisioterapia; Reabilitação; Autocuidado.

Resumo

O dano neural da hanseníase pode persistir após a cura e causar incapacidade, e as diretrizes recomendam condutas fisioterapêuticas sem graduar a evidência que as sustenta. Esta revisão narrativa teve como objetivo identificar as condutas fisioterapêuticas avaliadas em pessoas com hanseníase e neuropatia periférica e analisar seus efeitos, e a certeza da evidência, sobre desfechos funcionais. Cinco bases de dados foram consultadas em outubro de 2026, sem restrição de idioma, e o risco de viés de cada estudo e a certeza da evidência por desfecho e comparação foram avaliados com ferramentas padronizadas, sem metanálise. Foram incluídos 50 estudos primários: dez ensaios randomizados, dois quase-randomizados, oito estudos comparativos não randomizados e 30 estudos sem grupo controle, nenhum com risco de viés baixo. Todos os 54 estratos de desfecho e comparação tiveram certeza muito baixa. Em dois ensaios pequenos, a mobilização precoce após transferência tendínea encurtou a reabilitação, com função semelhante à da imobilização e sem arrancamento do tendão sob monitoramento sistemático, e um ensaio de grupos de autocuidado não mostrou efeito sobre úlceras. As técnicas adicionadas à fisioterapia convencional, o laser em úlceras, os calçados e os programas multiprofissionais de autocuidado tiveram resultados inconsistentes ou sem grupo de comparação, nenhum estudo foi exclusivo de crianças ou separou seus resultados, e nenhum avaliou reeducação sensorial. Os achados apontam condutas promissoras e hipóteses para ensaios futuros, mas não permitem estabelecer a direção nem a magnitude dos efeitos da fisioterapia na neuropatia hansênica.

Biografia do Autor

  • Paulo Eugênio Monteiro Pessoa , Hospital Evangélico de Belo Horizonte

    Médico, RQE 70333 Hospital Evangélico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

  • Lyliane Freitas Silva, PUC-MG

    Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC-MG), Contagem, MG, Brasil

  • Jenifer Samara de Oliveira, Unifenas

    Universidade Professor Edson Antônio Velano (Unifenas), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

  • Maria Eduarda Gontijo Seibt, FAMINAS

    Faculdade de Minas (FAMINAS), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

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2026-10-30

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Fisioterapia na neuropatia hansênica e seus desfechos funcionais: Revisão narrativa. (2026). Fisioterapia Brasil, 27(10), 6706-6748. https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i10.1362

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