Effects of Early Respiratory Physiotherapy After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A systematic review with meta-analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i7.1259Keywords:
Myocardial Revascularization; Physical Therapy Modalities; Meta-Analysis.Abstract
Introduction: Respiratory complications are frequent following coronary artery bypass grafting and can prolong hospital stays and compromise functional recovery. Objective: To describe the effects of early respiratory physiotherapy on the pulmonary recovery of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD420261418056). Searches were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature databases. Studies published from the inception of the databases through 2026 involving adults undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Quantitative analysis employed mean difference and a random-effects model. Results: Four studies, totaling 126 participants, were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant benefit regarding tidal volume and maximal expiratory pressure, with no significant difference observed for maximal inspiratory pressure. Improvements in pulmonary function and ventilatory parameters were also observed, although there were no consistent benefits regarding length of hospital stay or pulmonary complications. Conclusion: Early respiratory physiotherapy combined with conventional physiotherapy promotes pulmonary recovery after coronary artery bypass grafting, particularly regarding tidal volume and maximal expiratory pressure.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Cynthia de Oliveira Rezende, Alice Bernardes Oliveira , Sofia Dias Toigo , Igor de Souza Pasin , Bruno Henrique Oliveira Silva Lopes (Autor)
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