Analysis of physiotherapy outcomes in the treatment of low back pain compared to the use of opioids: a systematic review of retrospective cohort studies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v25i5.1021Keywords:
Analgesics; health care costs; low back pain; physical therapy services.Abstract
Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a functional limitation and the main cause of disability in several countries around the world. As it is a global problem that directly affects the quality of life of individuals, several forms of treatment have been studied, including physiotherapy and opioid analgesics. Objective: To systematically review the literature from the last ten years in an attempt to analyze the outcomes of the effectiveness of physical therapy resulting in the deprescription of opioids and a reduction in healthcare costs in patients with LBP. Methods: This is a systematic review of retrospective cohort studies that analyzed the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic treatment and the consequent reduction in opioid prescriptions, in scientific articles published in digital magazines between the years 2012 and 2022, in the databases PubMed, BVS, SciELO and PEDro. Results: For people with LBP, all studies reported that early physical therapy management was associated with a decrease in pain relief and opioid prescription. Conclusion: The studies evaluated in this review suggest that physiotherapy promotes improvements in the quality of life of patients with LBP, especially when performed early. Furthermore, this therapy allows a reduction in the cost of health services by reducing the prescription of opioids for LBP analgesia.
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