Epidemiological profile of hospital morbidity due to Parkinson's disease in Brazil (2016–2025)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i9.1307Keywords:
Parkinson's Disease; Epidemiology; Morbidity; Aging; Physical Therapy; Unified Health System.Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor manifestations that can compromise mobility, functional independence, and quality of life. Population aging increases its epidemiological relevance and the demand for care and rehabilitation. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of hospital morbidity due to Parkinson's disease in Brazil between 2016 and 2025. Additionally, to discuss—based on supplementary literature—aspects of care regarding the contribution of physical therapy to the management of motor and functional impairments associated with the disease, without physical therapy practice itself being a variable directly analyzed in hospital records. Methods: This was an observational, descriptive, retrospective study using secondary data from the Unified Health System's Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) regarding hospital admissions for PD (ICD-10 G20) processed in Brazil between 2016 and 2025. Variables such as processing year, age group, sex, and race/color were analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies. Results: A total of 9,858 hospital admissions were recorded during the period, with the highest frequency in 2024 (12.46%) and the lowest in 2020 (6.86%). The 60–69 (26.96%) and 70–79 (26.71%) age groups accounted for the largest proportion of records. There was a predominance of males (60.9%) and individuals identifying as white (51.48%), followed by those identifying as mixed-race/brown (*parda*) (31.09%). The findings highlight a concentration of hospitalizations among older adults and reinforce the importance of care tailored to the elderly population. In this context, physical therapy is an integral part of multidisciplinary care, particularly through interventions focused on gait, balance, mobility, maintenance of functional capacity, and fall prevention. Conclusion: Hospital morbidity due to Parkinson's disease in Brazil was predominantly observed among the elderly and males, with an increase in recorded cases during the final years of the analyzed period. Epidemiological monitoring and multidisciplinary care—including physical therapy—are crucial for care planning and for preserving the functionality and independence of affected individuals.
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