Fisioterapia após cirurgias oncológicas abdominais e recuperação funcional: Uma revisão narrativa

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i9.1326

Palavras-chave:

Terapia por Exercício; Deambulação Precoce; Dor Pós-Operatória; Qualidade de Vida; Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório.

Resumo

Introdução: A cirurgia oncológica abdominal pode comprometer a mobilidade, aumentar a dor e dificultar a retomada das atividades cotidianas. A contribuição específica da fisioterapia precisa ser distinguida dos efeitos de programas perioperatórios multiprofissionais. Objetivo: Analisar criticamente a atuação fisioterapêutica após cirurgias oncológicas abdominais, com ênfase na recuperação funcional, na dor e na qualidade de vida. Métodos: Revisão narrativa com buscas realizadas em setembro de 2026 em registros do PubMed acessados pelo Europe PubMed Central e buscas exploratórias na web direcionadas à SciELO e à Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, sem registro das expressões. Foram priorizadas publicações de 2021 a 2026, incorporando estudos anteriores pertinentes. A síntese considerou desenho, população, momento da intervenção, comparador e desfechos, sem metanálise própria. Resultados: Ensaios clínicos identificaram benefícios da mobilização e do exercício supervisionado para a independência na marcha e determinados indicadores funcionais. Entretanto, os efeitos sobre complicações, permanência hospitalar, dor e qualidade de vida global foram heterogêneos. Programas após a alta apresentaram resultados favoráveis em alguns domínios, especialmente após ressecção pancreática, mas estudos recentes de reabilitação digital e monitoramento por dispositivos vestíveis não demonstraram superioridade consistente. Conclusão: A fisioterapia pode favorecer componentes da recuperação funcional, com base principalmente em ensaios de programas hospitalares supervisionados; a individualização e a articulação com o controle de sintomas e o suporte nutricional constituem implicações assistenciais, e não fatores testados como determinantes do benefício. Permanecem incertezas sobre a dose ideal e sobre benefícios uniformes para dor e qualidade de vida, exigindo avaliação multidimensional e continuidade assistencial após a alta.

Biografia do Autor

  • Rafael Viana dos Santos Coutinho, UFBA

    Médico RQE 29566 pela Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brasil

  • Graziele Antonieta de Melo, FAMINAS-BH

    Faculdade de Minas (FAMINAS-BH), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

  • Julia Roberta Silva de Figueiredo, FAMINAS-BH

    Faculdade de Minas (FAMINAS-BH), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

  • Thomás Mendonça de Andrade, FAMINAS-BH

    Faculdade de Minas (FAMINAS-BH), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

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Publicado

2026-10-14

Como Citar

Fisioterapia após cirurgias oncológicas abdominais e recuperação funcional: Uma revisão narrativa. (2026). Fisioterapia Brasil, 27(9), 5955-5970. https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i9.1326

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