Epidemiological profile of thyrotoxicosis-related morbidity in the Southeast region between 2016 and 2025 and the role of physiotherapy in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of functional impairments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v27i7.1239Keywords:
Thyrotoxicosis; Morbidity; Epidemiology; Physical Therapy.Abstract
Introduction: Thyrotoxicosis is a clinical syndrome resulting from an excess of circulating thyroid hormones, capable of causing cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and metabolic alterations that compromise functional capacity and quality of life. Objective: The epidemiological profile of morbidity due to thyrotoxicosis in the Southeast region of Brazil between 2016 and 2025 was described, considering sociodemographic and clinical variables, in addition to discussing the importance of physiotherapy in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of functional changes associated with the disease. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in accordance with STROBE guidelines, utilizing secondary data from the DATASUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS). Hospitalizations for thyrotoxicosis recorded between 2016 and 2025 in the Southeast region were analyzed according to year of processing, federal unit, age group, race/color, and sex, using descriptive statistics for data organization and analysis. Results: A total of 4,169 hospitalizations for thyrotoxicosis were recorded during the analyzed period, with a decrease in 2020 (304; 7.29%)—coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic—and a peak in 2023 (507; 12.16%). The state of São Paulo recorded the highest number of hospitalizations (1,695), followed by Rio de Janeiro (1,638). A predominance was observed among individuals aged 40 to 49 years (935; 22.43%), people of mixed race/color (*parda*) (1,436; 34.45%), and women (3,277; 78.6%). The findings suggest that epidemiological, demographic, and healthcare-related factors influence the distribution of morbidity, while also highlighting the importance of physical therapy in recovering muscle strength, improving cardiorespiratory capacity, reducing fatigue, preventing physical deconditioning, and restoring patient functionality. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis is a significant cause of hospital morbidity in the Southeast region, occurring most frequently among adult women and middle-aged individuals. The results underscore the need to strengthen strategies for surveillance, early diagnosis, specialized follow-up, and functional rehabilitation. In this context, physical therapy stands out as an essential component of multidisciplinary care, contributing to functional recovery, the prevention of disability, and improved quality of life for affected individuals.
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