Atención de enfermería a pacientes adultos con epilepsia: una revisión integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/eb.v23i4.4022Palabras clave:
Epilepsia; atención de enfermería; capacitación profesional.Resumen
Introducción: la epilepsia afecta entre el 1% y el 2% de la población y es más prevalente en los países de bajos ingresos. Su diagnóstico y tratamiento requieren un abordaje multidisciplinario. El papel de la enfermería en la prestación de cuidados centrados en el paciente con epilepsia es fundamental para las buenas prácticas y la educación en el autocuidado. Sin embargo, aún existe un vacío en cuanto a la intervención de enfermería en este ámbito. Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento y el impacto de los cuidados de enfermería al paciente adulto con epilepsia. Métodos: revisión integrativa realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct, LILACS, incluyendo artículos publicados desde enero/2013 hasta mayo/2023. Se utilizaron los siguientes términos: Nursing Management ou Nursing Care Patients AND Epilepsy. Resultados: de los 550 artículos identificados, se incluyeron 27. La muestra de pacientes osciló entre 3 y 821, y de enfermeros, entre 10 y 583. Más del 60% de los profesionales tenían conocimientos sobre el cuidado del paciente con epilepsia. Hubo impacto de los cuidados de enfermería en la ayuda al diagnóstico, la adherencia al tratamiento, la satisfacción del paciente y el control de sus crisis, sin aumentar los costos, pero sin influir en la duración de la estancia hospitalaria y la tasa de mortalidad. Conclusión: el conocimiento de enfermería fue importante tanto para la orientación de pacientes con epilepsia como para la atención centrada en la persona.
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