Violence Against Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transsexuals, Transvestites, Queer, Intersex, Asexual, and other sexual orientations and gender identities (LGBTQIA+): nurses' perception in the care of victims

Abstract

Introduction: Violence is one of the most severe human rights violations, causing significant effects on the biopsychosocial health of victims. Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transsexuals, Transvestites, Queer, Intersex, Asexual, and other sexual orientations and gender identities (LGBTQIA+) are among the most vulnerable groups, facing discrimination and violence in various forms. The National Policy on Comprehensive Health for Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transvestites, and Transsexuals (PNAISLGBT) aims to address these inequalities and promote equity in healthcare services. Objective: This study analyzed nurses' perceptions regarding the care provided to the LGBTQIA+ population who are victims of violence. Methods: A descriptive qualitative approach was used. Data collection was carried out through online questionnaires between November 2021 and May 2022, involving 10 nurses working in public and private healthcare institutions. The responses were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes. Results: Nurses demonstrated a limited understanding of gender diversity, with confusion between the concepts of sexual orientation and gender identity. Although they acknowledged the importance of the social name, some responses indicated a partial understanding of its relevance in care. Additionally, many nurses recognized that personal prejudices negatively affect care provided to the LGBTQIA+ population, especially regarding LGBTQIA+phobia. Conclusion: Despite the existence of the PNAISLGBT, nurses' knowledge remains insufficient, negatively impacting the quality of care for the LGBTQIA+ population. Greater professional training and awareness are needed, along with the effective implementation of public policies to promote more inclusive and equitable care.