Efeitos do Método de Integração Global (MIG) em desfechos de funcionalidade de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: Um estudo piloto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62827/fb.v25i6.1034Palavras-chave:
Crianças; transtorno autístico; classificação internacional de funcionalidade; incapacidade e saúde.Resumo
Introdução: Alterações motoras são comuns em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e impactam significativamente na comunicação, bem como nas habilidades cognitivas e funcionais. Entretanto, muitos programas de intervenção tendem a negligenciar esses comprometimentos motores. O Método de Integração Global (MIG) é um programa intensivo e interdisciplinar que aborda todos os níveis de comprometimento associados ao TEA. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos do programa MIG nos desfechos de funcionalidade em crianças com TEA. Métodos: Este estudo piloto envolvendo 18 crianças (idade=6,53±2,58 anos) utilizou um delineamento de intervenção de grupo único, com medidas pré e pós-teste. O protocolo de intervenção MIG durou 3 meses, 3 a 5x por semana, durante 3-4h por dia e envolveu o treinamento de tarefas funcionais em ambiente naturalista associado ao uso de uma veste terapêutica. A Medida Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional (COPM), Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), Protocolo de Observação Comportamental (PROC) e Teste de Desenvolvimento Motor Grosso-2 (TGMD-2) foram utilizados para avaliar os efeitos da intervenção. O teste Wilcoxon foi utilizado para comparar médias pré e pós-intervenção. Resultados: Quinze participantes concluíram o estudo. Houve melhora significativa no alcance de metas funcionais (COPM), nas habilidades comunicativas (PROC) e habilidades motoras fundamentais (TGMD-2) dos participantes (p<0,05). Embora os dados tenham indicado melhorias nos domínios de mobilidade e habilidades sociais/cognitivas no PEDI-CAT, as alterações observadas não atingiram significância estatística. Conclusão: O programa de intervenção MIG levou a melhorias funcionais significativas em crianças com TEA.
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